（一）航空器機構(gòu)（aircraft structure）

機體（飛機除發(fā)動機外的完整結(jié)構(gòu)）airframe

機身（不包括機翼、機尾、發(fā)動機）fuselage

駕駛艙cockpit/flight deck

機頭nose

風(fēng)擋windshield/ windscreen

機腹belly～landing

蒙皮skin

前部front (fore) part

后部rear (aft) part

左舷（舵）port～engine

右舷（舵）starboard～engine

內(nèi)側(cè)發(fā)動機inboard engine or inboards

外側(cè)發(fā)動機outboard engine or outboards

發(fā)動機吊艙nacelle

輪艙wheel well

主輪main landing wheel

前輪nose wheel

(大)機翼(main) wing

機翼前緣leading edge

機翼后緣trailing edge

翼尖wing tip

操縱面control surface

副翼ailerons

縫翼slots/slats

升降舵elevators

方向舵rudder

垂直安定面fin(vertical stabilizer)

水平安定面 horizontal stabilizer

調(diào)整片trim tab

襟翼（內(nèi)側(cè)襟翼，外側(cè)襟翼，前緣襟翼）flaps (inboard flap, outboard flap, leading edge flaps)

襟翼設(shè)定flap setting

襟翼角flap angle

全襟翼位置full flap position

放下襟翼（收上襟翼）extend the flaps (retract the flaps)

無襟翼著陸/無襟翼無縫翼著陸flapless landing/landing without slats/flaps

襟翼被卡阻the flaps are jammed

阻力板，擾流板（內(nèi)、外側(cè)擾流板）（擾流板放下、打開）spoilers (inboard/outboard spoiler) (spoiler down\up)

減速板（阻流板）speed brakes/air braking

起落架landing gear/undercarriage

起落架鎖定/未鎖定gear locked/unlocked

起落架前輪nose wheel

起落架艙wheel well

起落架艙門wheel door

放下起落架（收上起落架）extend/lower/deploy the gear (retract the gear)

放輪（收輪）gear extension (gear retraction)

起落架被卡阻the gear is jammed

應(yīng)急放下系統(tǒng)emergency extension system

搖動放下起落架crank the gear down/manually lower the gear

輪胎爆破Burst tyre/blow out/flat tyre

癟胎deflated tyre

漏胎flat tyre

輪胎被扎破puncture

反推裝置thrust reverser

排氣道和尾錐tail cone

天線antenna

客艙passenger cabin

地板floor

頂棚（板）ceiling

機上廚房galley

廁所toilet

前(后)貨艙forward(after)hold

(下)貨艙lower cargo compartment

航行燈navigation light

左(右)著陸燈left(right)landing lamp

閃光燈flash light

警告燈warning light

（二）航空器系統(tǒng)（aircraft system）

1．動力系統(tǒng)（powerplant system）

輔助動力裝置APU(auxiliary power unit)

引擎短艙 nacelle (engine cowling）

螺旋槳propeller

風(fēng)車windmill

發(fā)動機吸進了鳥/水bird/water ingestion

外來物損傷FOD(foreign object damage)

發(fā)動機失效engine failure

機械故障engineering trouble/mechanical problem

發(fā)動機熄火engine flame out

抖動vibration

馬力小 the engine is low on power

停車engine shutdown

發(fā)動機喘振 engine surge

振動vibration

動作筒actuator

風(fēng)扇fan

氣缸cylinder\EGT(exhaust gas temperature排氣溫度)

2．燃油系統(tǒng)（fuel system）

燃油箱 fuel tanks

燃油泵fuel pump

燃油油壓過低警告燈low fuel pressure warning lights

煤油kerosene

航空煤油aviation kerosene

升壓,增壓(泵)boost(pump)

放油fuel dumping/jettison

消耗consume

油箱fuel tank

油量不足short of fuel

不充足insufficient

剩余remain

燃油增壓泵fuel booster pump

燃油（滑油）壓力低fuel(oil)pressure low(drop)

3．液壓(滑油)系統(tǒng)hydraulic（oil）system·

滑油溫度表 oil temperature indicator

千斤頂(actuating) jacks

密封圈seals

活門valve。

4．電器系統(tǒng)（electrical system）

發(fā)電機generator motor

無線電設(shè)備Radio equipment

(備份)保險絲(spare)fuse

電線wire

插頭plug

電路circuit

跳開關(guān)circuit breaker

電瓶(電壓)battery(voltage)

電表ammeter

繼電器relay

調(diào)壓器voltage regulator

5．空調(diào)系統(tǒng)（air-conditioning system）

密封系統(tǒng)Sealing system

增壓系統(tǒng)pressurization system

通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)venting system

氧氣設(shè)備oxygen equipment

減壓 釋壓decompression

減壓 釋壓depressurize

失密pressure failure

冷卻 cooling

加熱 heating

氧氣面罩oxygen mask

流量flow

駕駛艙加溫pilot cabin heat

6．剎車系統(tǒng)（brakesystem）

剎車brakes

防滯裝置an anti-skid device

防滯剎車anti-skid brake

剎車不可靠the brakes are unreliable

剎車狀況不好 braking action is poor

松剎車brakes released

剎車brakes set

氣剎車pneumatic braking

手剎車manual braking

7．應(yīng)急系統(tǒng)（emergencysystem）

滅火系統(tǒng)extinguisher system

防冰系統(tǒng)deicing system

超溫（過熱）overheat

發(fā)動機滅火瓶engine fire bottles

機翼除冰wing deicing

（三）駕駛艙（cockpit）

1．操縱系統(tǒng)（control system）

飛行操縱系統(tǒng)flight control system

飛行管理計算機系統(tǒng)(FMCS)flight management computer system

人工操縱系統(tǒng)manual controls

自動駕駛操縱系統(tǒng)autopilot controls

自動油門系統(tǒng)auto throttle system

儀表著陸系統(tǒng)instrument landing system

中央操縱臺center console

操縱臺control stand

控制板control panel

桿levers/stick/column

操縱桿control column

操縱手柄handle

油門thrust levers

按鈕或旋鈕knobs

開關(guān)switch

曲柄（搖把）cranks

前輪轉(zhuǎn)彎手操作盤nose wheel steering hand wheel

機內(nèi)通話inter communication

耳機head set

裝載與配平系統(tǒng)weight and balance system

2．航空器儀表（aircraft instrument）

儀表instrument /gauge/indicator

儀表板instrument panel

頂部儀表板overhead panel

主顯示系統(tǒng)primary display system

指示器（儀表）indicator

飛行指引儀flight director

地評議horizon indicator

備份地評議stand by gyro-horizon

發(fā)動機儀表engine indicator

高度表altimeter

氣壓高度表pressure altimeter

無線電高度表radio altimeter

空速表airspeed indicator

升降速度表vertical speed indicator(rate of climb and descent indicator) 轉(zhuǎn)速表R.P.M(revolutions per minute)

起落架位置指示器landing gear/undercarriage position indicator

剎車壓力表brake pressure gauge

偏流指示器deviation altimeter

超溫（過熱）overheat

3．航空器動作（aircraft manoeuvre）

俯仰pitch/tilt

橫滾roll

偏轉(zhuǎn)yaw

壓坡度bank the aircraft

抬（提）起lift off/rotate

抬機頭pitch up the aircraft (to nose up)

推機頭pitch down the aircraft (to nosedown)

大角度爬升climb steeply

修正動作corrective action

改平level off

失速stall

螺旋spin

從失速中改出recover from stall

急轉(zhuǎn)彎sharp turn

減慢（速度）slow down

跟蹤trail

二、氣象（meteorology）

（一）云（cloud）

云底高ceiling

少云 FEW 1～2/8, few

疏云 SCT 3～4/8, scattered

裂開云，多云 5～7/8, broken

滿天云 8/8 , overcast (continuous)

在云中In cloud

斷續(xù)云中In and out of cloud

云在增加cloud is building up

云在消散cloud is clearing up/dissipating

積雨云CB(cumulonimbus)

塔狀積雨云towering cumulonimbus

（二）能見度（visibility）

晴空sky clear

薄霧Mist

輕霧light fog

濃霧dense fog

吹霧,平流霧drifting fog

霧在消散fog is clearing up

霧越來越濃fog is getting worse

霾Haze

煙Smoke

煙霧Smog

沙暴sandstorm

（三）風(fēng)（wind）

風(fēng)wind

地面風(fēng)surface wind

無風(fēng)（靜風(fēng)）wind calm

微風(fēng)light wind

中速風(fēng)moderate wind

強風(fēng)strong wind

順風(fēng)tailwind

頂風(fēng)headwind

側(cè)風(fēng)crosswind

陣風(fēng)gust

陣風(fēng)達8 m/s, gusts up to 8 m/s

風(fēng)向風(fēng)速儀wind-gauge

穩(wěn)定風(fēng)steady wind

風(fēng)向不穩(wěn)定variable wind

風(fēng)越來越大the wind is getting stronger

風(fēng)切變wind shear

微暴microburst

風(fēng)暴storm

渦流vortex(vortices)

（四）顛簸（turbulence）

晴空顛簸clear air turbulence

中度顛簸moderate turbulence

嚴重顛簸severe turbulence

平穩(wěn)的smooth

上升氣流updraught

下降氣流downdraught

高空急流jet stream

（五）降水（precipitation）

小雨light rain

大雨heavy rain

間歇性雨intermittent rain

連續(xù)性降水continuous rain

偶爾下陣雨occasional showers

零零散散的陣雨scattered showers

毛毛雨drizzle

雪snow

凍雨freezing rain

雨夾雪sleet

颮（線）squall

颶風(fēng)hurricane

龍卷風(fēng)tornado

冰雹hail

雷暴thunderstorm

閃電光flash of lightning

閃電lightning

雹暴hailstorm

雪暴snowstorm

結(jié)冰icing

（六）溫度（temperature）

外界溫度，大氣溫度outside air temperature

露點溫度dewpoint

溫度在上升the temperature is rising

溫度在下降the temperature is falling/dropping

溫度穩(wěn)定the temperature is steady

（七）跑道道面狀況（runway surface condition）

在化的雪melting snow

雪水（或半化的雪）slush

雪堆snow drift

雪清除snow clearance

跑道上有結(jié)冰the runway is icy

冰塊(跑道上結(jié)的一塊塊冰)ice patches

跑道濕the runway is wet

跑道滑the runway is slippery

積水pools of water/ standing water 、floodwater

剎車效應(yīng)差braking action is poor

剎車效應(yīng)好braking action is good

剎車效應(yīng)中braking action is medium

三、機場車輛（airport vehicle）

地面車輛ground vehicle/car

機坪車輛ramp vehicle

引導(dǎo)車follow me car

空調(diào)車air condition car

運送乘客巴士shuttle bus

大客車coach

擺渡車airport passenger bus/ferry

餐車galley service truck

食品車（配餐車）catering truck

拖車tow tug/towing tractor

拖把tow bar

機載客梯air stairs/steps

地面電源車ground power vehicle (unit)

氣源車pneumatic

救火車fire engine(truck)

救護車ambulance

急救車first-aid

加油車refueller

油車tank car

供水車water service truck

平臺車dolly

保安運貨車security van

牽引車tractor

犁雪車snow plough

吹雪車runway snow blower

除冰車ice-melter

吊臂車cherry-picker

挖土車bull-dozer

起重機crane

四、地面相關(guān)設(shè)備與服務(wù)（relevant ground equipment and service）

服務(wù)設(shè)備furnishing equipment

醫(yī)療服務(wù)medical service

安全服務(wù)safety services

候機樓terminal

客/停機坪apron/ramp

廊橋（英）air bridge/loading bridge

廊橋（美）jetway

登機口passenger gate

海關(guān)customs

輸送帶conveyor

地勤ground handling

機庫hangar

艙單load sheet

航空運貨單air waybill

登機（英）embark/board

輪擋wheel chock

風(fēng)擋刮水器（美）windshield wiper

風(fēng)擋刮水器（英）windscreen wiper

下飛機，從飛機上卸下（英）disembark/unload

地面電源插座external socket

地面電源ground power

外部電源external power

拔下地面(外部) 電源disconnect ground(external) power

接上地面(外部) 電源reset ground(external) power

氣源start air

供氣supply start air

拔下(接上)氣源disconnect（reset）start air unit

消防隊fire service/assistance

故障排除trouble shooting/fixed

航空常用英語單詞

五、關(guān)于非正常情況和緊急情況的詞匯及詞組

A: Abort take-off/reject/abandon中斷起飛

A flock of birds一群鳥

At your own discretion由你自己決定

Adjust調(diào)整

As published根據(jù)公布的

Airborne升空

Active runway(runway in use)正在使用的跑道

Air conditioning smoke=pack空調(diào)冒煙

Anonymous call(letter)匿名電話（信）

Anti-icing system inoperative防冰系統(tǒng)不工作

allocate分配

aileron副翼

auxiliary輔助

attacked攻擊

B: Backtrack調(diào)頭

Belly landing(gear up landing)機腹落地

Bird strike鳥擊

Birds ingestion吸鳥

Bomb炸彈

Breaking action剎車效應(yīng)

Braking action poor剎車效應(yīng)差

Burst tyre/blow out/flat tyre爆胎

burn off消耗

baggage loader傳送帶

blast fence氣流檔板

C: Cabin fire客艙失火

Caution wake turbulence注意尾流

Cabin temperature is rising客艙溫度升高

Cargo fire/smoke貨艙失火/冒煙

Center of gravity to the rear重心靠后

Commence開始

Converging會聚

Cockpit window broken駕駛艙窗戶出現(xiàn)問題

Converging traffic匯聚飛機

conflict沖突

cough咳

cracked破裂

chemicals of industrial化學(xué)品

crane operating=hoist吊車

crossfeed valve failure

D: Distance距離

Destination目的地

Detect探測

Deviate from the corridor偏出走廊

Discharge extinguisher(agent)噴射滅火瓶（滅火劑

Ditching水上迫降

Dumping(jettison)放油

Due separation=spcing由于間隔

debris=fragments(metal strips)碎片

dense smoke濃煙\drunk醉酒

dispatched派遣\decelerating減速

disease outbreak疾病爆發(fā)

detonate explosives引爆炸藥

E: Electric smoke or fire電器冒煙或火警

Emergency braking應(yīng)急剎車

Emergency descent緊急下降

Emergency evacuation緊急撤離

Emergency gear extension not available(failure)應(yīng)急放輪不成功

Emergency gear extension應(yīng)急放輪

Emergency landing緊急落地

Engine failure發(fā)動機失效

Engine fire發(fā)動機失火\

Epidemic=pandemic流行病

F: Fire engine/fire truck救火車

fuel dumping/fuel jettison放油

Fuel leak out漏油

Flame out熄火

Fly around (go round, circumnavigate, detour, offset)繞航

Forced landing迫降

Fuel level is going down燃油液面下降

fade area盲區(qū)

fever發(fā)燒

fuel starvation不足＝fuel supply

fighter戰(zhàn)斗機

fainted暈倒

first-aid relief materials on baord緊急藥品

flight strip printer飛行進程單

G: Give way to讓路

Glide path下滑道

Ground air地面氣源

Ground power地面電源

gun-launched area火箭炮空地

H: Hijacker劫持者

Heart attack/disease心臟病

Hydraulic pressure is dropping rapidly液壓壓力快速跌落

Hydraulic system leak液壓系統(tǒng)泄漏

automatic direction finding system自動指引系統(tǒng)

ADFS\helicopter直升機

hypertension lost consciousness高血壓失去知覺

badly hurt=injury

I: Intercept localizer切航道

ntention打算

incursion入侵

illuminated照明

J: Jammed stabilizer landing安定面卡阻

L: Level change on route航路上高度改變

Left or right at your convenience左右隨你

Low pass低空通場

M: Military movement軍事活動

Maneuver left or right右左機動

Make further checks作進一步調(diào)查

Mechanical failure機械故障

mistake=false＝incorrect錯誤

mountain山脈=air convective

make a short circuit小航線

N: No restriction無限制

Noise abatement procedure減噪音程序

Nose gear steering inoperative前輪轉(zhuǎn)彎不工作

O: Opposite direction相反方向

Obstacle(obstruction)障礙物

Overheat超溫

orbit盤旋

organize組織

obese肥胖＝policy violation

P: Parallel runway (taxiway)平行跑道（滑行道）

PAX baggage identification旅客行李識別

PAX evacuation旅客撤離

PAX stairs/steps旅客客梯

Proceeding to飛往，前往

Prohibited area禁區(qū)

Priority landing優(yōu)先落地

Prohibited(forbidden)area禁區(qū)

Q:quarantine隔離

quarreled爭吵

R: Reduce減小

Revised app. clearance修正的進近許可

Registered No.注冊號碼

Rest route unchanged其余航路不變

Reason unknown原因不明

Returning(coming back)返場

S: Same direction同向

Short of fuel燃油短缺

Skid off (slide off)滑出

Slight( moderate, severe,serious) turbulence輕